GEOGRAPHY
General Information
The Republic of India is a state located in South Asia, washed by the Arabian Sea on the west, the Laccadive Sea on the southwest, the Bay of Bengal on the east, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the south.
India includes the Laccadive Islands, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The country's area is 3287,6 thousand sq. km (2,4% of the inhabited land area). The country ranks seventh in the world in terms of territory occupied.
The total length of the country's coastline is approximately 7000 km. Three peninsulas are distinguished: Indostan, Kutch, Kathiawar.
On the territory of India, from south to north, several geographical regions are distinguished: elevated plains, plateaus, highlands of the Indostan Peninsula, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the mountain systems of the Himalayas and Karakoram.
The subsoil of India contains significant reserves of bauxite, chromite, iron, lead and zinc ores, copper, gold, beryllium; muscovite, barite, coal. Most of the oil and natural combustible gas fields are concentrated in the Cambay oil and gas basin in the west of the country, in the northeast, as well as on the southeastern coast, on the shelf of the Bay of Bengal.
Time zone – UTC+5:30
State Borders
The Republic of India has land borders with 6 countries.
The total length of India's borders is 14 103 km:
- Pakistan (2912 km);
- China (3380 km);
- Nepal (1690 km);
- Bhutan (605 km);
- Bangladesh (4053 km);
- Myanmar (1463 km).
Furthermore, India has maritime borders with the Maldives, Sri Lanka and Indonesia.
Climate
On the territory of India, with the exception of high-mountain regions, the climate is monsoon subequatorial, in the northwest – tropical. Three seasons are distinguished: the winter season – dry and cool, with the prevalence of the northeast trade wind (November-February); the spring season – hot and dry (March-May); the summer season – hot and humid, monsoon (June-October). The winter season is characterized by significant differences in temperature distribution across regions: in the north of the country, average temperatures in January are 10-14 °C, in the south they do not fall below 25 °C. The highest temperatures are recorded in May: in the northwest up to 48 °C, in other regions 28-35 °C.